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Seismic to Simulation Software

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VelMod

Velocity Model Building

VelMod™ builds 3D velocity models from stacking velocities and calibrates these models to well control. These models can be used for time-depth conversion or low-frequency control during seismic inversion. This is important if there are any strong lateral variations in the velocities away from well control. If unaccounted for, these variations may have a strong impact on the lateral prediction of formation pressure and on the characterization of the reservoir.

VelMod consists of three basic modules:

Velocity Conversion

The Velocity Conversion module uses the Dix formula to calculate the interval or average velocities from the stacking velocity data. You can convert the input velocity data (stacking, interval or average) into any of the other two velocity data types. To convert the velocities, the time datum of the stacking or average velocities must be entered. The processing datum can be entered as a time horizon.

Property Conditioning

The Property Conditioning module is used to edit and smooth any data set (including velocity data). Typically this will be the velocity data previously created in the Velocity Conversion module, but it can be any property data set.

Scatter correction and lateral smoothing are applied to ensure the generation of a well-behaved model. The model data can be in time or depth. A 'solid model' (created with EarthModel™) is used to segregate the imported data points into layers.

Lateral smoothing is applied to reduce trace to trace variations in the data. The length of the smoothing operator is specified as a number of traces and works on a trace by trace basis. The smoothing operator generates a scale factor for each trace at each layer based on the average values of the trace and the average values of the traces present in the smoothing operator. This scale factor is then applied to all the samples in that layer.

Time Depth Conversion

The Time Depth Conversion (TDC) module of VelMod uses the velocity model to convert any horizon data or seismic/property data from time to depth or depth to time.